Is a prediction based on previous experience and research, which states a probable outcome of the research process. This prediction is then tested through the undertaking of research and with the evidence of the current research more hypotheses can be made.

There are two types of hypotheses:

• A research hypothesis which states that such and such is the case and requires some explanation
• A null hypothesis which states that such and such is not the case, ie, nothing special is happening here. A null hypothesis is not usually stated but is implicit in any hypothesis testing.

A hypothesis needs to be precise – then it is easier to prove. You might avoid vague terms in your hypothesis such as 'good' or 'appropriate'. The hypothesis also needs to be consistent with the type of data collected. For example, a hypothesis cannot prove the presence or absence of a discrete or nameable variable if the variable is a measurable or continuous one.